The videocassette recorder (or VCR, also known as the video recorder), is a type of electro-mechanical device that uses removable videocassettes that contain magnetic tape for recording analogue audio and analogue video from broadcast television so that the images and sound can be played back at a more convenient time.
Early machines and formats
The history of the videocassette recorder follows the history of videotape recording in general. In 1952 the Vision Electronic Recording Apparatus high speed multi-track machine was built and trialled by the BBC. This machine used a thin steel tape on a 21 inch (53.5 cm) reel travelling at over 200 inches (510 cm) per second. Despite 6 years of research and improvements the machine became obsolete when Ampex introduced the Ampex VRX-1000. This model became the world's first commercially successful videotape recorder in 1956. It used the 2" Quadruplex format, using two-inch (5.1 cm) tape. Due to its US$50,000 price, the Ampex VRX-1000 could be afforded only by the television networks and the largest individual stations.
In 1963, Philips introduced their EL3400 1" helical scan recorder (aimed at the business and domestic user) and Sony marketed the 2" PV-100, their first reel-to-reel VTR intended for business, medical, airline, and educational use.
First home video recorders
The Telcan, produced by the Nottingham Electronic Valve Company in 1963, was the first home video recorder. It could be bought as a unit or in kit form for £60. However, there were several drawbacks: it was expensive, not easy to put together and could only record 20 minutes output at a time in black-and-white.
The Sony model CV-2000, first marketed in 1965, was their first VTR intended for home use and was based on half inch tape. Ampex and RCA followed in 1965 with their own reel-to-reel monochrome VTRs priced under US $1,000 for the home consumer market.
The EIAJ format was a standard half-inch format used by various manufacturers. EIAJ-1 was an open reel format. EIAJ-2 used a cartridge that contained a supply reel, but not the take-up reel. As the take-up reel was part of the recorder, the tape had to be fully rewound before removing the cartridge, a slow procedure.
The development of the videocassette followed the replacement by cassette of other open reel systems in consumer items: the Stereo-Pak 4-track audio cartridge in 1962, the compact audio cassette and Instamatic film cartridge in 1963, the 8-track cartridge in 1965, and the Super 8 home movie cartridge in 1966.
Friday, 16 December 2011
Tuesday, 15 November 2011
Case Study
Vevo was jointly owned by two major music labels, universal and Sony, and Abu Dhabi media. It has been a major force in the music video distribution- practically invisible.
All major artists on YouTube have signed deals with vevo to promote and upload their music video up on their channel.
Rio Careff, former universal executive who started the venture, explained that the industry had originally licensed its videos to far too many places. "That's good for the consumer, "he said, "but all of those places are selling the same content to advertisers."
Now though, he says, the advertisers have less choice, because the industry, through Vevo, presents a united front.
"Vevo can say to advertisers, only we can present you with 60 million video viewers in the 18-34 demographic. Ubiquity for the fan, scarcity for the advertiser is the best way to maximise the value of the content."
YouTube was officially set up for its audience, letting them upload videos without no hassle and no comments being posted about copyright terms. Since vevo has been launched audience empowerment has been taken away, the YouTube audience feel vevo has taken over their rights, taking down videos which may be copyrighted.
Friday, 11 November 2011
Vevo- politics in the media
Vevo is a media group made up of Sony, Universal and EMI.
vevo's way of transmitting a message to the population is obviously by its music video and its presence over YouTube. Every major artist has a vevo account, and vevo uploads their videos, and promotes their music for them. There are a lot of ads featured on vevo, before and after the video, this obviously generates more money for vevo. When YouTube was setup it was mainly for the audience to upload videos, a bit like a social site, after vevo joined it’s become something different. People’s videos are taken down as some are accused of pirating a video.
Everyone involved in the business vevo is a gatekeeper, only the artist is put at the forefront, the major work is done by the people behind the scenes.
Friday, 4 November 2011
politics in the media
Politics in the media
propoganda- spreading a message to a population but through a twisted lense.
can be done in a obvious way or either subliminal, subtle through talking heads and gatekeepers.
propoganda- spreading a message to a population but through a twisted lense.
can be done in a obvious way or either subliminal, subtle through talking heads and gatekeepers.
Friday, 21 October 2011
Friday, 7 October 2011
Music video by Amy Winehouse performing Rehab. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 3,993,824. (C) 2006 Universal Island Records Ltd. A Universal Music Company.
Music video by Akon performing I Wanna Love You. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 40,748,082. (C) 2008 Universal Records, a Division of UMG Recordings, Inc. and SRC Records, Inc.
Wednesday, 7 September 2011
A link to an article.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-14457809
useful information on how social media played a big part in the spread of the riots
useful information on how social media played a big part in the spread of the riots
social media on the affect of the riots
1) What effect do you think social media had on the spread of the summer riots?
the social media, like Facebook and Twitter played a huge part to the spread of the summer riots, as it made communicating to a big number of people much more easier, gangs and all sorts of different social groups spoke about what was going to happen next and what they were planning to do on these widespread global sites, pages were made to encourage people, rumours were spread to keep the police and the public aware.
the social media played a big part to the expansion of the riots, and the copycat effects that were carried out. there alot of reasons as to why the riots were started and comprehended, but it would never had gotten as big as it did without the powerful source, the internet. If there hadn't been this media source the riots would have been kept to a much smaller state and the authorities would have much more sense in what they were doing.
Also a more covert social network was being used, the blackberry messenger, as it is not tracked and can not be seen publicly, this was an easy and more safer way for rioters to announce what was going to happen, alot of places were possible targets.
the social media, like Facebook and Twitter played a huge part to the spread of the summer riots, as it made communicating to a big number of people much more easier, gangs and all sorts of different social groups spoke about what was going to happen next and what they were planning to do on these widespread global sites, pages were made to encourage people, rumours were spread to keep the police and the public aware.
the social media played a big part to the expansion of the riots, and the copycat effects that were carried out. there alot of reasons as to why the riots were started and comprehended, but it would never had gotten as big as it did without the powerful source, the internet. If there hadn't been this media source the riots would have been kept to a much smaller state and the authorities would have much more sense in what they were doing.
Also a more covert social network was being used, the blackberry messenger, as it is not tracked and can not be seen publicly, this was an easy and more safer way for rioters to announce what was going to happen, alot of places were possible targets.
Monday, 18 July 2011
alan sugar
Lord Alan Sugar
Posh
Rich
High Status
Business Man
Lots of money
Someone who people look up to
Needs a shave
reading task
How has the use of the internet changed since its inception? Is the internet more or less free (on an audience level) that it was?
The internet has changed dramatically over the past 20 years, becoming easier to access and use. Text on computers was very limited, some people might’ve seen the internet as more user friendly as the internet had less hosts and there weren’t many social networking sites, and people didn’t know much about the internet. Whenever there was something new appearing to do with the internet people would get excited, like for example different coloured text.
There have been many significant changes since the internet began, for example there is online banking which I’m sure no one thought was possible 10 years ago, also the mass media has taken over the internet, people can find out things in minutes whilst browsing the internet. Accessing things have become much easier, businesses use the internet to its advantage with advertisements as a lot of people use the internet and it’s a very good way to promote their business.
The internet is freer than it used to be, letting anyone and everyone accessing any website on the internet. More people are joining social network websites, so In another sense yes it is becoming more free, more people are learning about the internet and its uses.
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